PÆMÖvg †evW©-2023
	evsjv (Avewk¨K)—wØZxq cÎ	welq †KvW :	1	0	2	
mgq-3 NÈv	c~Y©gvb-100
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| GKB cÖ‡kœi DË‡i mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkªY `~lYxq|]
e¨vKiY Ask : (gvb—30)
1|	(K)	ÔAÕ aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi cvuPwU wbqg †j‡Lv|	5
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-1(K) (evsjv D”Pvi‡Yi wbqg); cÖkœ bs-5; c„ôv bs 27 `ªóe¨|	
A_ev,	(L)	†h-†Kv‡bv cvuPwU k‡ãi ï× D”PviY †j‡Lv:
		ewÂZ, fimv, AwØZxq, Aa¨¶, j¶, AiY¨, AvnŸvb, cÖfvZ|
	DËi :	cÖ`Ë kã		D”PvwiZ i~c
		ewÂZ		†evb&wP‡Zv
		fimv		f‡ivkv
		AwØZxq		A`&w`wZ‡qv
		Aa¨ÿ		I`&‡avK&‡Lv
		jÿ		†jvK&‡Lv
		AiY¨		A‡ivb&‡bv
		AvnŸvb		AvIfvb&
		cÖfvZ		†cÖvfvZ&
2|	(K)	evsjv GKv‡Wwgi cÖwgZ evsjv evbv‡bi cvuPwU wbqg D`vni-mn †j‡Lv|	5
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-2(K) (evsjv evbv‡bi wbqg); cÖkœ bs-3; c„ôv bs 49 `ªóe¨|
A_ev,	(L)	†h-†Kv‡bv cvuPwU k‡ãi ï× evbvb †j‡Lv:
		g‡bvcyZ, Avwe¯‹vi, kª×vÄjx, mwgPxb, ˆcwÎK, Abymyqv, f‚eb, mywa|
	DËi :	Aï× kã	 	ï× kã
		g‡bvcyZ		gbtc~Z
		Avwe¯‹vi		Avwe®‹vi
		kª×vÄjx		kª×vÄwj
		mwgPxb		mgxPxb
		ˆcwÎK		ˆcZ…K
		Abymyqv		Abm~qv
		f‚eb		fyeb
		mywa		myax
3|	(K)	D`vniY-mn we‡klY c‡`i †kªwYwefvM Av‡jvPbv K‡iv|	5
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-3(K) (evsjv fvlvi e¨vKiwYK kã‡kªwY); cÖkœ bs-7; c„ôv bs 75 `ªóe¨|
A_ev,	(L)	wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q` †_‡K cvuPwU we‡klY c` wPwýZ K‡iv :
		cÙv‡mZz Avi †g‡Uªv‡ij evsjv‡`‡ki `ywU hyMvšÍKvix mvdj¨| cÖgËv cÙvi ey‡K Afvebxq †MŠi‡ei cÖZxK cÙv‡mZz| c¶všÍ‡i, †g‡Uªv‡ij XvKv gnvbMixi `ywe©ln hvbRU wbim‡b bZzb ms‡hvRb| †MŠiegq GB `ywU mvdj¨ RvwZ wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k‡K my`„p mvnm Avi AvZ¥wek¦v‡m RvMÖZ K‡i‡Q|
	DËi :	Dchy©³ Aby‡”Q` †_‡K we‡klY c` wPwýZ Kiv n‡jv
		cÙv‡mZz Avi †g‡Uªv‡ij evsjv‡`‡ki `ywU hyMvšÍKvix mvdj¨| cÖgËv cÙvi ey‡K Afvebxq †MŠi‡ei cÖZxK cÙv‡mZz| c¶všÍ‡i, †g‡Uªv‡ij XvKv gnvbMixi `ywe©ln hvbRU wbim‡b bZzb ms‡hvRb| †MŠiegq GB `ywU mvdj¨ RvwZ wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k‡K my`„p mvnm Avi AvZ¥wek¦v‡m RvMÖZ K‡i‡Q|
4|	(K)	ÔDcm‡M©i A_©evPKZv †bB wKš—z A_©‡`¨vZKZv Av‡QÕ Av‡jvPbv K‡iv|	5
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-4(K) (evsjv kãMVb: DcmM©, cÖZ¨q, mgvm); cÖkœ bs-2; c„ôv bs 98 `ªóe¨|
A_ev,	(L)	†h-†Kv‡bv cvuPwU k‡ãi e¨vmevK¨-mn mgvm wbY©q K‡iv|
		A‰bK¨, †Q‡j‡g‡q, h_vixwZ, †`kvšÍi, Avkxwel,  †gŠgvwQ, Kz¤¢Kvi, cÂb`|
DËi :	cÖ`Ë kã	e¨vmevK¨	mgv‡mi bvg	
	A‰bK¨	b (†bB) HK¨	bT&Zrcyiyl	
	†Q‡j‡g‡q	†Q‡j I †g‡q	Ø›Ø	
	h_vixwZ	ixwZ‡K AwZµg bv K‡i	Ae¨qxfve	
	†`kvšÍi	Ab¨ †`k	wbZ¨mgvm	
	Avkxwel	Avkx‡Z wel hvi 	e¨waKiY eûeªxwn	
	†gŠgvwQ	 †gŠ msMÖnKvix gvwQ	ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq	
	Kz¤¢Kvi	Kz¤¢ K‡i †h	Dcc` Zrcyiæl	
	cÂb`	cÂ b‡`i mgvnvi	wØ¸	
5|	(K)	evK¨ Kv‡K e‡j? MVb Abymv‡i ev‡K¨i †kªwYwefvM Av‡jvPbv K‡iv|	5
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-5(K) (evK¨ZË¡); cÖkœ bs-2; c„ôv bs 182 `ªóe¨|
A_ev,	(L)	wb‡`©k Abymv‡i †h-†Kv‡bv cvuPwU evK¨všÍi K‡iv :
(i)	†m Pyc iBj| (†bwZevPK)
(ii)	†`k‡cÖwgK e¨w³ †`k‡K fv‡jvev‡m| (†hŠwMK)
(iii)	Avwg wg_¨v ewjwb| (Aw¯ÍevPK)
(iv) 	weØvb‡K mevB kª×v K‡i| (cÖkœevPK)
(v)	¯^v‡¯’¨i cÖwZ hZœkxj nIqv DwPZ| (AbyÁvm~PK)
(vi)	†fv‡ii evZvm wbg©j| (we¯§qm~PK)
(vii)	wk¶K Avmv gvÎB wk¶v_©xiv D‡V `vuovj| (RwUj)
(viii)	Rbbx I Rb¥f‚wg wK ¯^‡M©i †P‡qI wcÖq bq? (wb‡`©kvZ¥K)
	DËi :	(i)	†bwZevPK	:  	†m wKQy ejj bv|
(ii)	†hŠwMK	:	†m †`k‡cÖwgK Ges †`k‡K fv‡jvev‡m|
(iii)	Aw¯ÍevPK	: 	Avwg mZ¨ e‡jwQ|
(iv)	cÖkœevPK	: 	weØvb‡K †K bv kª×v K‡i?
(v)	AbyÁvm~PK	: 	¯^v‡¯’¨i cÖwZ hZœkxj nI|
(vi)	we¯§qm~PK	: 	Kx wbg©j †fv‡ii evZvm !
(vii)	RwUj	: 	hLb wkÿK Avm‡jb, ZLbB wkÿv_©xiv D‡V `vuovj|
(viii)	wb‡`©kvZ¥K	: 	Rbbx Rb¥f~wg ¯^‡M©i †P‡qI wcÖq|
6|	(K)	wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q‡`i AccÖ‡qvM ms‡kvab K‡iv :	5
		evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRi“j Bmjv‡gi KweZv wewPÎgq| Zvi †kªôZg m„wó †hgb Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZv, †Zgwb Akª“R‡j †fRv A‡bK wei‡ni MvbI wZwb wj‡L‡Qb| Zvi m„wóKg© evsjv fvlv‡K ˆewPÎ¨fv‡e mg„× K‡i‡Q| me wkïiv bRi“‡ji KweZv fv‡jvev‡m| Kwei cÖwZ Avgv‡`i AKzÚ kª×vÄjx|
	DËi :	evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi KweZv wewPÎ/ˆewPÎ¨gq| Zvui †kªô m„wó †hgb Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZv, †Zgwb AkÖæ‡Z †fRv A‡bK wei‡ni MvbI wZwb wj‡L‡Qb| Zvui m„wóKg© evsjv fvlv‡K wewPÎfv‡e mg„× K‡i‡Q| me wkkyB bRiæ‡ji KweZv fv‡jvev‡m| Kwei cÖwZ Avgv‡`i AKzÉ kª×vÄwj|
A_ev,	(L)	wb‡Pi evK¨¸‡jv ï× K‡i †j‡Lv :
(i)	mvaviY fzj eyS‡Z bv cviv j¾¯‹i|
(ii)	cov‡jLvi cÖwZ‡hvMxZv _vKv fv‡jv|
(iii)	ˆ`b¨Zv †Kv‡bvKv‡jB cÖksmbxq bq|
(iv) 	gvgjv Pvjv‡Z wM‡q †jvKwU me©kvšÍ n‡jv|
(v)	f‚j wjL‡Z fzj K‡iv bv|
(vi)	me cvwL¸‡jv D‡o P‡j †Mj|
(vii)	evsjv‡`k GKwU DbœZkxj †`k|
(viii)	†g‡qwU we`¨vb wKš‘ SMov‡U|
	DËi :	ev‡K¨i ï× cÖ‡qvM
		(i)	mvaviY fyj eyS‡Z bv cviv j¾vKi|
	(ii)	cov‡jLvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv _vKv fv‡jv|
	(iii)	ˆ`b¨/`xbZv †Kv‡bvKv‡jB cÖksmbxq bq|
	(iv)	gvgjv Pvjv‡Z wM‡q †jvKwU me©¯^všÍ n‡jv|
	(v)	fyj wjL‡Z fyj K‡iv bv|
	(vi)	cvwL¸‡jv/me cvwL D‡o P‡j †Mj|
	(vii)	evsjv‡`k GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`k|
	(viii)	†g‡qwU we`ylx wKšÍy SMov‡U|
wbwg©wZ Ask : (gvb—70)
7|	(K)	†h-†Kv‡bv `kwU k‡ãi cvwifvwlK iƒc †j‡Lv:	10
		Walkout, Vehicle, Dialogue, Ethics, Generation, Highway, List, Mail, Plant, Manuscript, Quantity, Renew, Skill, Tradition, Urban.
	DËi :	Walkout  mfveR©b; Vehicle  hvbevnb; Dialogue  msjvc/K‡_vcK_b; Ethics  bxwZwe`¨v; Generation  cÖRb¥; Highway  ivRc_; List  ZvwjKv; Mail  WvK; Plant  Dw™¢`; Manuscript  cvÊywjwc; Quantity  cwigvY/gvÎv; Renew  bevqb; Skill  `ÿZv; Tradition  HwZn¨; Urban  kny‡i/†cŠi|
A_ev,	(L)	wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU evsjvq Abyev` K‡iv :	
		Trees are our friends. It helps us in different ways. It gives us shade, food, fuel, medicine and oxygen. Trees make our environment beautiful. Trees are our valuable wealth. It is very much necessary to make afforestation programme successful.
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-7(L) (Abyev`); wmwiqvj bs25; c„ôv bs 256 `ªóe¨|
8|	(K)	Agi GKz‡k MÖš’‡gjv 2023 Gi mgvcbx w`em wb‡q GKwU w`bwjwc iPbv K‡iv|	10
	DËi :	ZvwiL : 28†k †deªæqvwi 2023, g½jevi
	ivZ : 11 : 30 wgwbU
	AvwRgcyi XvKv|
	¯‹zjRxeb †_‡KB GKz‡ki eB‡gjv PjvKvjxb wewfbœ cÎcwÎKv I †Uwjwfk‡b Avb›`c~Y©, eY©vX¨ eB‡gjvi cÖ`k©bx †`‡L Avgvi g‡bi g‡a¨ Agi GKz‡k MÖš’‡gjvq hvIqvi ¯^cœ jvwjZ n‡qwQj| AvR †mB we‡kl w`b; †h w`bwU‡Z Avgvi GZw`‡bi jvwjZ ¯^cœ ev¯Í‡e c~Y©Zv †cj| MZKvj we‡K‡j iscyi †_‡K XvKvq Avgvi dzdzi evwo‡Z G‡mwQ ÔAgi GKz‡k MÖš’‡gjv 2023Õ Gi †kl w`‡b DrmegyLi cwi‡ek †`L‡ev e‡j|
	AvR we‡Kj 4 Uvq Avgvi dzdv‡Zv fvB-Gi m‡½ Avgv‡`i eny Kvw•¶Z eB‡gjvq wM‡qwQjvg| AmsL¨ gvby‡li wfo †V‡j evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖv½‡Y Dcw¯’Z n‡q Avwg A‡bK wew¯§Z n‡qwQjvg| eB‡cÖgx AmsL¨ gvby‡li Avbv‡Mvbv †mLv‡b Ges  `„wób›`b ÷j¸‡jv‡Z mvRv‡bv wQj nvRvi nvRvi eB| GZ GZ eB‡qi mgvnvi †`‡L Avwg mwZ¨B A‡bK Avbw›`Z I wew¯§Z n‡qwQjvg| cÖ_‡gB Avgiv evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖv½‡Yi eB‡qi wewfbœ ÷j Ny‡i Ny‡i eB †`Ljvg| Gici †mvnivIqv`©x D`¨v‡b †Mjvg `„wób›`b AviI wKQy eB‡qi ÷j Ny‡i †`Lvi Rb¨| †gjvq Ab¨ cÖKvk mgq cÖKvkbx,  cÖ_gv cÖKvkbx, kªveY cÖKvkbx, cv‡Äix cÖKvkbx BZ¨vw` cÖKvkbxi wKQy eB nv‡Z wb‡q GKUz †b‡o‡P‡o †`Ljvg| bZzb eB‡qi NÖvY mwZ¨B Avgv‡K †gvwnZ K‡iwQj| wewfbœ ÷‡j Ny‡i Ny‡i ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡`i Ôwngy mgMÖÕ, Avwbmyj n‡Ki ÔPvi †Mv‡q›`vÕ Ges †mwjbv †nv‡m‡bi ÔwK‡kvi Mí mgMÖÕ wKbjvg| eB‡gjvq Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z nVvr GKwU ÷‡ji mvg‡b Kwe wbg©‡j›`y MyY‡K †`Ljvg, Avi GUv wQj Avgvi Kv‡Q Avb›`Nb gyn~Z©| Gici Avgiv Zvui m‡½ GKwU †mjwd Zzjjvg| †mB gyn~Z©wU Avgv‡K A‡bK Av‡eMvcøyZ K‡iwQj| Avi GB we‡kl w`bwU‡K ¯§iYxq K‡i ivL‡Z eB‡gjvq wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Avgiv A‡bK Qwe Zz‡jwQjvg| wKQyÿY ci mÜ¨v †b‡g G‡j Avmv` Avi Avwg GKUv †`vKv‡b e‡m `B-dzPKv †Ljvg| AvR‡K Agi GKz‡k eB‡gjvi †kl w`b nIqvq Dc‡Pcov wfo _vK‡jI †gjvq GK ai‡bi DrmegyLi PvÂj¨ weivR KiwQj| Gici Avmv` Avi Avwg ivZ 8 : 30 wgwb‡U evmvq wdijvg| 
	Rxe‡b cÖ_g Agi GKz‡k eB‡gjv cÖ`k©‡bi Avb›`Nb GB w`bwUi K_v Avgvi †PZbvq A¤øvb n‡q _vK‡e|
A_ev,	(L)	†Zvgvi K‡j‡R AbywôZ evwl©K µxov cÖwZ‡hvwMZv wel‡q GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b iPbv K‡iv|
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-8(L) (cÖwZ‡e`b); wmwiqvj bs5; c„ôv bs 306 `ªóe¨|	
9|	(K)	f‚wgK¤úKvjxb KiYxq m¤ú‡K© eÜzi cÖwZ GKwU B-†gBj iPbv K‡iv|	10
	DËi :	f‚wgK¤úKvjxb KiYxq m¤ú‡K© eÜzi cÖwZ B-†gBj
		From : nizam@gmail. com
		To : masud@gmail. com
		cc : 
		Subject : f~wgK¤úKvjxb KiYxq cÖm‡½|
		
		myü` gvmy`,
		Avgvi mvjvg I ky‡f”Qv wbI| m¤cÖwZ f~wgK¤ú wek¦‡K AvZw¼Z Ki‡Q| evsjv‡`k †fŠ‡MvwjKfv‡e Ggb GK ¯’v‡b Aew¯’Z †hLv‡b †h-†Kv‡bv mgq mvZ ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk gvÎvi f~wgK¤ú n‡Z cv‡i| f‚wgK¤úKvjxb wKQy KiYxq KvR Ki‡j Zzwg I †Zvgvi cwievi AbvKvw•¶Z wec` I g„Zz¨SzuwK †_‡K iÿv †c‡Z cv‡iv| f~wgK¤ú n‡”Q eyS‡Z cvi‡j m‡½ m‡½ dvuKv I Db¥y³ ¯’v‡b Avkªq wb‡e| DuPz fe‡b _vK‡j Ges †ei n‡Z bv cvi‡j Rvbvjv ev †`Iqv‡ji cv‡k Ae¯’vb bv wb‡q k³ weg ev †Uwe‡ji wb‡P Ae¯’vb Ki‡e| M¨vm I we`y¨r ms‡hvM †_‡K `~‡i Ae¯’vb wb‡e| feb †_‡K bvgvi Rb¨ wjdU e¨envi Ki‡e bv| f‚wgK¤úKvjxb Mvwo‡Z _vK‡j Mvwo †Lvjv RvqMvq _vwg‡q Mvwo‡ZB _vK‡e| hw` m¤¢e nq, gy‡Vv‡dv‡b dvqvi mvwf©m‡K Lei w`‡e| me©‡kl nZwenŸj bv n‡q ˆah© a‡i cwiw¯’wZ †gvKvwejv Ki‡e| m‡PZb I mveavb †_‡Kv| my¯’ Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡ivGB Avgvi cÖZ¨vkv|
		BwZ
		†Zvgvi  eÜz
		wbRvg
A_ev,	(L)	wk¶vmd‡i hvIqvi AbygwZ †P‡q Aa¨¶ eivei GKwU Av‡e`bcÎ iPbv K‡iv|
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-9(L) (e¨venvwiK cÎ); wmwiqvj bs5; c„ôv bs 356 `ªóe¨|	
10|	(K)	mvivsk †j‡Lv:	10
		we`¨v gvby‡li g~j¨evb m¤ú`| PwiÎ Z`‡c¶vI g~j¨evb| AZGe †Kej weØvb ewjqvB †Kv‡bv †jvK mgv`i jv‡fi †hvM¨ ewjqv we‡ewPZ nB‡Z cv‡i bv| PwiÎnxb e¨w³ hw` bvbv we`¨vq Avcbvi ÁvbfvÛvi c~Y© KwiqvI _v‡K, Z_vwc Zvnvi m½ cwiZ¨vM KivB †kªq| cÖev‡` Av‡Q †h, m‡c©i gv_vq gwY _vwK‡jI †m fq¼i| †mBiƒc we`¨v Av`iYxq nB‡jI we`¨vjv‡fi wbwg‡Ë weØvb `yR©‡bi wbKU Mgb we‡aq bq|
	DËi :	we`¨v g~j¨evb n‡jI PwiÎnxb weØvb fqsKi I cwiZ¨vR¨| PwiÎ we`¨vi Zzjbvq AwaKZi g~j¨evb| ZvB PwiÎnxb weØvb n‡jI Zvi m½ cwiZ¨vM Kiv DwPZ| G‡Z wb®‹jyl PwiÎI KjywlZ n‡Z cv‡i|
A_ev,	(L)	fvem¤úªmviY K‡iv:	
		c_ cw_‡Ki m„wó K‡i bv, cw_KB c‡_i m„wó K‡i|
	DËi :	Aa¨vq-10(L) (fvem¤cÖmviYÑM`¨); wmwiqvj bs9; c„ôv bs 393 `ªóe¨|
11|	(K)	GKwU HwZnvwmK ¯’vb m¤ú‡K© `yB eÜzi g‡a¨ msjvc iPbv K‡iv|	10
	DËi :	HwZnvwmK ¯’vb m¤ú‡K© `yB eÜzi g‡a¨ msjvc 
iv‡k` 	:	Avmmvjvgy AvjvBKzg| †Kgb Av‡Qv Zzwg?
mRxe  	: 	IqvjvBKzg Avm&mvjvg| Avjnvg`ywjjøvn, fv‡jv AvwQ| Zzwg †Kgb Av‡Qv?
iv‡k` 	:	Avjnvg`ywjjøvn, AvwgI fv‡jv AvwQ| eûw`b ci †Zvgvi mv‡_ †`Lv nIqvq Lye fv‡jv jvM‡Q| 
mRxe  	: 	†Zvgvi mv‡_ †`Lv n‡q AvgviI fv‡jv jvM‡Q| Avwg Ges Avgvi cwievi wZb w`‡bi bIMvu ågY †kl K‡i MZKvjB evwo‡Z wdijvg|
iv‡k` 	:	bIMvuq nVvr wZb w`‡bi ågY Ki‡j Kx Dcj‡ÿ¨?
mRxe  	: 	Avgvi A‡bK w`‡bi B”Qv wQj bIMvu †Rjvq Aew¯’Z cvnvocyi †eŠ×wenvi cwi`k©b Kiv| G Kvi‡YB g~jZ †mLv‡b hvIqv| ZvQvov Avgvi gvgv †mLv‡b PvKwi K‡ib, GKB mv‡_ gvgvi evmv‡ZI †eov‡Z wM‡qwQjvg|
iv‡k` 	:	Av”Qv, Zvn‡j GB Kvi‡YB bIMvu hvIqv| AvwgI eQiLv‡bK Av‡M cwiev‡ii mv‡_ cvnvocyi †eŠ×wenvi ågY K‡iwQjvg| cvjes‡ki wØZxq ivRv ag©cvj Aóg kZ‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K ev beg kZ‡K GB wenvi ˆZwi K‡iwQ‡jb|
mRxe  	: 	n¨vu| eû eQi ci 1879 mv‡j m¨vi Kvwbsnvg GB wekvj KxwZ© Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| 1985 mv‡j BD‡b‡¯‹v GwU‡K wek¦ HwZn¨evnx ¯’v‡bi gh©v`v †`q|
iv‡k` 	:	wVK e‡jQ| cvnvocyi‡K wKšÍy c„w_exi me‡P‡q e‡ov †eŠ×wenvi ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| †Kbbv AvqZ‡b GwUi mv‡_ fvi‡Zi bvj›`v gnvwenv‡ii Zzjbv Kiv hvq|
mRxe  	: 	Av‡iKUv welq jÿYxq, †eŠ×wenviwU †hgb wQj wekvj, †Zgwb Gi bKkv wQj Awfbe|
iv‡k` 	:	n¨vu| B‡Ui ˆZwi G wenv‡ii †`Iqvj †cvovgvwUi djK ev †Uiv‡KvUv w`‡q AjsK…Z|
mRxe  	: 	Avevi GB djK¸‡jvi Ici bvbv ai‡bi g~wZ©LwPZ| g~wZ©¸‡jvi gva¨‡g †mKv‡ji mvaviY gvby‡li RxebhvÎvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq|
iv‡k` 	:	GK`gB wVK e‡j‡Qv| ZvQvovI cvnvocyi wenv‡ii wfwËMv‡Î 63wU cv_‡ii ˆZwi fv¯‹h© cvIqv †M‡Q| G¸‡jvi †ewkifvM ¸ßhy‡M wbwg©Z n‡qwQj|
mRxe  	: 	e¯ÍyZ, cvnvocyi †eŠ×wenvi evOvwj ¯’vc‡Z¨i D”Pgvb cÖgvY K‡i| Gi cwiKíbv, wekvjZ¡ I KviæKvh© bvwK †mKv‡j †`k-we‡`‡k cÖkswmZ wQj|
iv‡k` 	:	n¨vu! G wel‡q we‡klÁivI gZvgZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i g‡Z, cieZ©xKv‡j B‡›`v‡bwkqv I wgqvbgv‡i cvnvocyi gnvwenv‡ii cwiKíbv AbyKiY K‡i †eŠ×¯’vcZ¨ wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
mRxe  	: 	Gme Kvi‡YB cvnvocyi †eŠ×wenvi evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨Zg cÖvPxb ¯’vcZ¨ I BwZnvm cÖwm× ¯’vb wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ †c‡q‡Q|
iv‡k` 	:	wVK e‡j‡Qv eÜz| †`‡ki GB cÖvPxb ¯’vcZ¨ m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i mwZ¨-B A‡bK fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q|
mRxe  	: 	AvgviI A‡bK fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q| we‡kl K‡i ZzwgI †h‡nZz GB †eŠ×wenviwU Av‡M ågY K‡i‡Qv, †m‡nZz †Zvgvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i AviI †ewk fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q|
iv‡k` 	:	wVK Av‡Q, eÜz Avevi †`Lv n‡j Ab¨ welq wb‡q K_v n‡e, BbkvAvjøvn|
mRxe  	: 	n¨vu eÜz| wVK Av‡Q| †`vqv Kwi fv‡jv _v‡Kv| 
iv‡k` 	:	†Zvgvi Rb¨I Avgvi †`vqv _vK‡e memgq|
mRxe  	: 	Avjøvn nv‡dR|
A_ev,	(L)	MÖx®§Kvjxb QywU‡Z MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z †eov‡bv wel‡q GKwU Ly‡` Mí iPbv K‡iv|
	DËi :		MÖx‡®§i QywU‡Z MÖv‡gi evwo
	MÖx‡®§i QywU, ¯‹zj eÜ| evevi AwdmI eÜ| Avwei ZvB eÇ Lywk| cÖwZeQi MÖx‡®§i QywU‡Z MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z †eov‡bvi †ivgvÂKi gyn~Z©¸‡jvi Rb¨ Avwei A‡cÿvq _v‡K| hviv mviveQi kn‡i _v‡K Zv‡`i Rb¨ MÖx‡®§i QywU †hb kvwšÍi cik wb‡q nvwRi nq| Avwe‡ii g‡bI †f‡m I‡V MÖx‡®§i mgq KvUv‡bv w`b¸‡jvi wPÎ| ZvB Gev‡ii QywU‡Z Avwei MÖv‡g hvIqvi Rb¨ GKUz †ewkB Aw¯’i|
	MÖv‡gi evwo G‡m‡Q Avwei| myL-`ytL, nvwm-Kvbœv, `yišÍcbvi ¯§„wZweRwoZ MÖvg| GB MÖv‡gB Avwe‡ii `yišÍ ˆkke †K‡U‡Q| ˆkk‡e KvUv‡bv w`b¸‡jv Avwe‡ii g‡b co‡Z ïiæ Kij MÖv‡g Avmvi ci †_‡KB| XvKv †_‡K MÖv‡gi D‡Ï‡k iIbv †`evi ci †_‡KB Zvi g‡b †h D`&‡eM I DrKÉv wQj, MÖv‡gi gvwU‡Z cv ivLvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv †hb †Kv_vq nvwi‡q †Mj| MÖv‡gi Av‡jv-evZvm, kvšÍ cwi‡ek I cvwLi KjZv‡b Avwe‡ii gb Avb‡›` AvZ¥nviv n‡q DVj|
	QvqvXvKv, cvwLWvKv Avwe‡ii MÖv‡gi evwowU gaygZx b`xi Zxi‡Nlv| evwo‡Z Avmvi ci †_‡KB Avwe‡ii gv‡S MÖv‡gi `yišÍ wkkyi g‡Zv PvÂj¨ †`Lv †`q| cwiev‡ii mevi m‡½ Kzkjvw` wewbg‡qi ci Avwei eÜz‡`i wb‡q cvwo †`q b`xi w`‡K| GB b`xi Zx‡i Avwei I Zvi eÜziv dzUej †Ljvq †g‡Z I‡V| MÖx‡®§i cÖej Zvc`vn Zv‡`i Avb›` Av‡qvR‡b evuav w`‡Z cv‡i bv| †Ljv †k‡l cwikªvšÍ mevB b`x‡Z bv‡g †Mvmj Kivi Rb¨|  Avb‡›`i AvwZk‡h¨ Avwe‡ii eÜz ivwd`I cvwb‡Z Svuwc‡q c‡o wKš‘ ivwd` fv‡jv mvuZvi KvU‡Z cviZ bv| dzUej †Ljvi ci K¬vwšÍ Avi fv‡jv mvuZvi KvU‡Z bv cvivq ivwd` cvwb‡Z ixwZg‡Zv nveyWyey Lvw”Qj| Ab¨w`‡K A‡bKw`b ci Avwei‡K †c‡q mevB Lye ˆn-û‡jøv‡o †g‡ZwQj| Avwei nVvr ivwd‡`i cvwb‡Z Wy‡e hvIqvi `„k¨ †`L‡Z cvq| AvweiB ivwd`‡K cvwb †_‡K †U‡b †Zv‡j| B‡Zvg‡a¨ ivwd` wKQy cvwbI †L‡q †d‡j| ivwd`‡K †U‡b b`xi Zx‡i Zz‡j G‡b cÖv_wgK wPwKrmvi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq| Zvici Avwei I Zvi eÜziv ivwd`‡K evwo †cŠu‡Q †`q| Avb›` I †e`bvwgwkªZ NUbvwU Avwei cÖvqB ¯§iY K‡i|
	MÖx‡®§i QywU‡Z MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z Avmvi Rb¨ Avwe‡ii g‡b D`MÖxe-AvKv•¶vi Av‡iKwU KviY n‡jvMÖx®§Kvjxb d‡ji evnvi| MÖx‡®§ Avg, KvuVv‡ji i‡mi NÖv‡Y MÖv‡gi wbg©j evZv‡m †hb g-g Ae¯’v weivR K‡i| Avwe‡ii Lye cQ›` MvQcvKv Avg| we‡K‡j Avwei wb‡RB evwoi cv‡ki gvSvwi AvgMvQwU †_‡K Avg †c‡o Lvq| wb‡Ri nv‡Z Avg †c‡o LvIqvq Avwe‡ii bvwK Ab¨iKg Avb›` †eva nq|
	Avwei  I Zvi eÜziv cÖwZw`b we‡K‡j †iŠ‡`ªi Zvc GKUz Kg‡j Nywo I bvUvB nv‡Z †ewi‡q c‡o b`xi Zx‡i Nywo Iov‡Z| MÖx‡®§i we‡K‡j b`xi Zx‡i Nywo Iov‡bv †hb GKwU Drm‡ei Rb¥ †`q| Avwe‡ii eqwm Ges †Qv‡Uve‡ov mevB b`xi Zx‡ii Db¥y³ P‡i Av‡m Nywo Iov‡Z| Avevi †KDev Av‡m wkï-wK‡kvi‡`i GB PvÂj¨ Ges Avb›`gyLi cwi‡ek‡K Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z|	
kn‡ii BU-cv_‡ii Pvi †`Iqv‡j ew›` Rxeb MÖv‡gi Db¥y³ cÖvšÍi †c‡j Wvbv †g‡j cvwLi g‡Zv Do‡Z Pvq| Avwe‡iiI †Zgb Ae¯’v| ZvB‡Zv MÖx®§ Zvi wcÖq FZz| GB mg‡qB †m kyay Rxeb‡K cy‡ivcywi Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zvi g‡b nq GB QywU †hb †kl bv nq| wKšÍy QywU GKmgq dzwi‡q Av‡m, Avevi wdi‡Z nq kn‡i|	
12|	wb‡Pi †h-†Kv‡bv GKwU wel‡q cÖeÜ iPbv K‡iv :	20
	(K) 	†`k‡cÖg  DËi : Aa¨vqÑ12 (cÖeÜ-wbeÜ iPbv); wmwiqvj bs-19; c„ôv bs 488 `ªóe¨|  
	(L)	ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b weÁvb I cÖhyw³  DËi : Aa¨vqÑ12 (cÖeÜ-wbeÜ iPbv); wmwiqvj bs-31; c„ôv bs 502 `ªóe¨|  
	(M) 	Aa¨emvq  DËi : Aa¨vqÑ12 (cÖeÜ-wbeÜ iPbv); wmwiqvj bs-29; c„ôv bs 500 `ªóe¨|  
	(N) 	evsjv‡`‡ki mv¤úªwZK Dbœqb 
	DËi : 	f‚wgKv : evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖMwZ AcÖwZ‡iva¨| 1971 mv‡j ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi ci †_‡K bvbv PovB-DZivB †cwi‡q evsjv‡`k eZ©gv‡b wbgœ-ga¨g Av‡qi †`‡k DbœxZ n‡q‡Q| wKQyw`b Av‡MI evsjv‡`k ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKvq wQj| aviYv Kiv n‡”Q, 2024 mv‡ji g‡a¨ evsjv‡`k ga¨g Av‡qi †`‡k DbœxZ n‡e| †hvM¨ †bZ…Z¡, h_vh_ I `xN©‡gqvw` cwiKíbv, gvbem¤ú` Dbœqb, AeKvVv‡gv I cÖhyw³i Dbœqb, ˆe‡`wkK evwY‡R¨i we¯Í„wZ, ˆe‡`wkK Kg©ms¯’vb, kw³kvjx evRvi cwiKíbv cÖf…wZ Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k †hfv‡e mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡”Q, Zv bwRiwenxb|
	A_©‰bwZK m~P‡K evsjv‡`k : 2005-2006 A_©eQ‡i evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU †`kR Drcv`b (wRwWwc) cÖe„w×i nvi wQj 5.4 kZvsk Ges gv_vwcQy Avq wQj 543 gvwK©b Wjvi (cÖvq 45,000 UvKv)| A_P 2023-2024 A_©eQ‡ii ev‡RU GB nvi 7.50 kZvsk Ges gv_vwcQy Avq 2961 gvwK©b Wjvi| ïay gvby‡li Avq e„w× †c‡q‡Q Zv-B bq, †e‡o‡Q gvby‡li Mo Avqy| ev‡R‡Ui AvKvi †iKW© cwigvY e„w× †c‡q‡Q| ev‡RU ev¯Íevq‡b Kg‡Q ciwbf©iZv| m‡šÍvlRbK cÖe„w×i Kvi‡Y `vwi‡`ª¨i nvi wbgœgyLx| A_©‰bwZK mgxÿv 2023 Abymv‡i eZ©gvb mg‡q `vwi‡`ª¨i nvi 19 kZvs‡kiI Kg| wRwWwci wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k GLb we‡k¦i 35Zg e„nr A_©bxwZi †`k Ges 2030 mv‡ji g‡a¨ evsjv‡`k 28Zg e„nr A_©‰bwZK †`‡k cwiYZ n‡e| A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× I mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi †h-†Kv‡bv m~P‡Ki wePv‡i evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖMwZ Af‚Zc~e©|
	AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb : GKwU †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK AMÖhvÎvi `„k¨gvb w`K n‡”Q AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb| Gi ga¨ w`‡q †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK m¶gZv I Rxebgv‡bi MwZcÖK…wZ Abyaveb Kiv hvq| MZ GK `k‡K evsjv‡`‡ki GB AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb †Pv‡L covi g‡Zv| e‡ov e‡ov cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡b evsjv‡`‡ki m¶gZv e„w× †c‡q‡Q| wbR¯^ A_©vq‡b cÙv‡mZz wbg©v‡Yi mdjZv evsjv‡`‡ki A_©‰bwZK mg„w×‡Z GKwU gvBjdjK| GQvov iƒccyi cvigvYweK we`y¨r †K›`ª, cvqiv Mfxi mgy`ªe›`i, gvZvievwo Kqjv we`y¨r †K›`ª XvKv †g‡Uªv‡ij-mn †`‡k †Qv‡Uv-e‡ov A‡bK cÖKí ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡”Q| Gme AeKvVv‡gv h_vmg‡q m¤úbœ n‡j evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZKfv‡e AviI GwM‡q hv‡e|
	cÖhyw³MZ Dbœqb : cÖhyw³MZ Dbœqb evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖhvÎv‡K AviI MwZkxj K‡i Zzj‡Q| †`‡ki Z…Yg~j ch©v‡q cÖhyw³i e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g †mev †cuŠ‡Q †`Iqvi Rb¨ †`‡ki 4550wU BDwbqb cwil‡` ÔBDwbqb wWwRUvj †m›UviÕ ¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| †`‡ki cÖwZwU Dc‡Rjv‡K B›Uvi‡bU †mevi AvIZvq Avbv n‡q‡Q| †Uwj‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi †¶‡Î †bIqv wewfbœ c`‡¶‡ci Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡k †gvevBj wmg e¨enviKvixi msL¨v 18 †KvwU 38 jvL Ges B›Uvi‡bU e¨enviKvixi msL¨v cÖvq 13 †KvwU 50 jvL| miKvwi I †emiKvwi ch©v‡q wewfbœ †mev cÖ`vb cÖwµqv mnR I ¯^”Q Ki‡Z B-†c‡g›U I †gvevBj e¨vswKs Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| †dvi-wR cÖhyw³i †gvevBj †bUIqv‡K©i evwYwR¨K Kvh©µg ïi“ Kiv n‡q‡Q| e½eÜy m¨v‡UjvBU-1 Dr‡¶cY evsjv‡`‡ki Z_¨-cÖhyw³ Lv‡Z hyMvšÍKvix NUbv|
	gvbem¤ú` Dbœqb : evsjv‡`k wecyj RbmsL¨vi †`k| GB wecyj Rb‡Mvôx‡K h_vh_ cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g Rbm¤ú‡` cwiYZ Kivi j¶¨ wb‡q miKvi KvR Ki‡Q| me©¯Í‡i wk¶vKvh©µg wbwðZ Kivi d‡j GKwU Kg©¶g `¶ Rb‡Mvôx M‡o DV‡Q| gva¨wgK ch©vq ch©šÍ mKj wk¶v_©xi g‡a¨ webvg~‡j¨ cvV¨cy¯ÍK weZiY, bvixwk¶v‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqvi j‡¶¨ QvÎx‡`i Dce„wË cÖ`vb, ¯‹zj-K‡jR-wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôv, KvwiMwi wk¶vi m¤úªmviY cÖf…wZi gva¨‡g †`‡k `¶ Rb‡Mvôx ˆZwi n‡”Q| †`‡k I †`‡ki evB‡i Dfq †¶‡Î Zv‡`i Kg©ms¯’v‡bi A‡bK †¶ÎI ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| K…wlwkí, †cvkvKwkí, Jlawkí-mn cÖwZwU wkíLv‡Zi AvKvi e„w× cv‡”Q| Gi d‡j Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvMI †e‡o‡Q| PvKwiwbf©iZv K‡g‡Q; D‡`¨v³vi msL¨v †e‡o‡Q| ¯^v¯’¨Lv‡Zi Dbœq‡bi d‡j gvby‡li Mo Avq I Kg©¶gZv e„w× †c‡q‡Q|
	ˆe‡`wkK evwYR¨ : evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨šÍixY A_©bxwZi AvKvi †hgb e„w× †c‡q‡Q, †Zgb we¯Í„Z n‡q‡Q ˆe‡`wkK evwYR¨| ˆe‡`wkK cY¨ ißvwb Av‡q AwR©Z n‡q‡Q gvBjdjK| 2023-2024 A_©eQ‡ii RyjvB ch©šÍ cY¨ ißvwb Avq †e‡o n‡q‡Q 4 `kwgK 59 wewjqb gvwK©b Wjvi| hw`I Wjvi msKU wb‡q eQiLv‡bK a‡iB †`‡ki A_©bxwZ Pv‡ci g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q| we‡kl K‡i ivwkqv BD‡µb hy‡×i Kvi‡Y MZ eQ‡ii †kl w`K †_‡K ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv Avmv wKQyUv K‡g †M‡Q| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©‡b evsjv‡`k Avevi Ny‡i `vuwo‡q‡Q|
	K‡ivbvqI A`g¨ evsjv‡`k : K‡ivbvq wech©¯Í mvivwek¦| A‡bK DbœZ †`‡ki A_©bxwZI g›`vi Ke‡j c‡o‡Q| A‡bK †`‡ki cÖe„w× †bwZevPK n‡q †M‡Q| Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡ZI evsjv‡`k Zvi Dbœq‡bi MwZ a‡i ivL‡Z †c‡i‡Q| ¯^‡ívbœZ †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡k iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q| wRwWwci cÖe„w×‡Z fviZ‡K †cQ‡b †d‡j‡Q| eZ©gv‡b ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf© cÖvq 23 `kwgK 56 wewjqb Wjvi| †gMv cÖ‡R±¸‡jvi KvR `ª“Z GwM‡q P‡j‡Q| GmeB m¤¢e n‡q‡Q cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi MwZkxj †bZ…‡Z¡i Kvi‡Y| GRb¨ KgbI‡qj_ gnvmwPe c¨vwUªwmqv R¨v‡bU, AvP© wekc †cvc d«vwÝm, RvwZms‡Ni Lv`¨ I K…wl ms¯’v †kL nvwmbvi cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb| Z`ycwi †KvwfW-19 †gvKvwejvq fviZ‡K ÎvY I kªxj¼v‡K Wjvi mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g µgvMÖmigvb evsjv‡`k Zvi A_©‰bwZK m¶gZvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Q|
	evsjv‡`‡ki AR©b : evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^‡ívbœZ †`k (GjwWwm) †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡k DËiY N‡U‡Q| RvwZms‡Ni A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK KvDwÝ‡ji gvb`Ê Abyhvqx GKwU †`‡ki gv_vwcQy Avq n‡Z n‡e 1230 gvwK©b Wjvi, 2023-2024 mv‡ji RvZxq ev‡R‡U evsjv‡`‡ki AR©b †mLv‡b 2961 gvwK©b Wjvi| gvbem¤ú` m~P‡K 66 Gi ¯’‡j evsjv‡`‡k AR©b K‡i‡Q 72.9| A_©‰bwZK f½yiZv m~PK n‡Z n‡e 32 fvM ev Zvi Kg, evsjv‡`‡ki †mLv‡b i‡q‡Q 24.8 fvM| evsjv‡`k 2025 mv‡ji g‡a¨ ga¨g Av‡qi †`k Ges 2041 mv‡ji g‡a¨ DbœZ mg„× †`‡k cwiYZ nIqvi j¶¨ wba©viY K‡i mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡”Q|
	cÖwZeÜKZv : 1975 mv‡j RvwZi wcZv e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K nZ¨vi ga¨ w`‡q evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖMwZ‡K cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv AvU‡K †`Iqvi PµvšÍ nq| Gici eû eQi a‡i ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’wZkxjZvq evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖMwZ ¯’wei n‡q c‡o| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv I MYZvwš¿K cwi‡ek m„wó nIqvi AvM ch©šÍ evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖMwZ wQj axiMwZi| MZ GK `k‡K A¯^vfvweK MwZ AR©b K‡i‡Q| Z‡e †`‡k RbmsL¨vi A¯^vfvweK e„w× GB AMÖhvÎv‡K LvwbKUv e¨vnZ K‡i| cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM-`ywe©cvK m„wó K‡i cÖwZeÜKZv| evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖhvÎvq `yb©xwZI GKUv evav| Gme evav AwZµg Kiv m¤¢e n‡j evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖhvÎv AviI AcÖwZnZ n‡e, AMÖMwZ †UKmB n‡e Ges A_©bxwZ mg„× n‡e|
	Dcmsnvi : evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖhvÎv GLb cy‡iv we‡k¦i Rb¨ `„óvšÍ| Gi bvg †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i A`g¨ evsjv‡`k| A_©‰bwZK AMÖMwZ I Av_©mvgvwRK m~P‡K evsjv‡`k Qvwo‡q †M‡Q `w¶Y Gwkqvi cÖvq me †`k‡K| e½eÜy †`‡LwQ‡jb †mvbvi evsjvi ¯^cœ, †P‡qwQ‡jb gvby‡li A_©‰bwZK gyw³, Mo‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb ¶zav I `vwi`ª¨gy³ mgvR| eZ©gvb miKvi †mB ¯^cœ c~i‡Yi j‡¶¨ wbijm KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| DbœwZi GB aviv Ae¨vnZ ivLv m¤¢e n‡j 2041 mv‡ji g‡a¨ evsjv‡`k AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i DbœZ †`‡ki gh©v`v|
	(O) 	bvixi ¶gZvqb  DËi : Aa¨vqÑ12 (cÖeÜ-wbeÜ iPbv); wmwiqvj bs-09; c„ôv bs 475 `ªóe¨|